1. AFTER TWENTY YEARS BY O' HENRY CLASS 12TH JKBOSE

1. How impressive was the policeman ? How would you justify your answer ?
Ans :- The policeman looked quite impressive while moving up the avenue at night. His impressiveness was habitual not for show , for the spectators were few. He was devoted to his duty and had a watchful eyes showed that he was proud and honest police officer.
2. Why did the man tell the policeman ' It's all right , officer.'?
Ans :- The man told the policeman ' It's all right , officer ' because the man didn't want his behavior to raise suspicion.
3. Were the two friends in regular contact with each other during the twenty years ? Why / Why not ?
Ans :- Yes , both the friends were in regular contact with each other during the twenty years as for a time they corresponded with each other but after a year or two they lost the track of correspondence.
4. How well did Jimmy's friend prosper in life ? How do you know ?
Ans :- As it is evident from the story that Jimmy had been appointed as an officer in the police department due to his honesty and hard work .
5. When a tall man in a long overcoat walked up to Bob , what made him think that it was Jimmy and not anyone else?
Ans :- When the tall man approached the waiting man and asked him are you Bob ? The waiting man replied that are you Jimmy Wells . This statement made the waiting man to think that the tall man is Jimmy Wells and not anyone else.
6. Why was Bob a arrested ?
Ans :- Bob was a wanted criminal of Chicago police who was indulged in many criminal activities. That is why , Bob was arrested by his friend who holds a good position in police department.
7. Why did Bob's hands begin to tremble as he almost finished reading the note ?
Ans :- Because Bob learnt from the written note that his friend is well aware about his criminal activities and is in a position to arrest him by a plain clothes man.
8. Jimmy didn't arrest his friend because ( tick the correct answer )
● he couldn't recognize Bob in the dark.
● he wanted Bob to run away.
● he couldn't reach the place in time.
● he couldn't bring himself to arrest his friend.
Ans :- ● he couldn't bring himself to arrest his friend.
9. Why is this story titled ' After Twenty Years '?
Ans :- It is a tale of two friends who had separated from one another in youth and had agreed to meet in the same restaurant , on the same day  , date and time where they had dined twenty years ago. That is why , the story is titled 'After Twenty Years.'
10. If you were in Jimmy's shoes , what would have been the best thing to do from the following points of view ?
a. Your career as a policeman
b. Your friendship with Bob
c. Your own conscince
d. The law
Ans :- d. The law

REFERENCE TO THE CONTEXT

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow :

' You're not Jimmy Wells,' he snapped. ' Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change a man's nose from a Roman to a pug.'
a. Who is the he in these lines ?
Ans:- 'He' in these lines is a Silky Bob.
b. What was his reaction when he realised the man was not Jimmy? Why ?
Ans:- When Silky Bob realised the man was not Jimmy , he got disappointed and hopeless due to which he showed change in his behavior.
c. How did he recognize the man ?
Ans:- He recognized the man due to the shape of his nose which had turned a lot from Roman to a pug.
d. Why was the man here ? Who had sent him ?
Ans:- The man was here to arrest the Silky Bob. Jimmy Wells , the Silky Bob's friend had sent him.


Character Sketch Of Bob :

The main character and protagonist is Bob, as the story is centred around him waiting for his old friend to meet him at their chosen time and place. Although he is represented briefly by his appearance, it is the small descriptions described that are of importance in his characterisation, in addition to his  personality that is expressed throughout the story. We learn of Bob’s loyalty to his friends and that he is wealthy, supposedly from hard work. In this way, Bob is a round character, as he is complex and immediately capable of change. As the story progresses, Bobs identity is exposed even more when the climax of the story is revealed. It is immediately presumed that Bob is a successful career driven man when he tells the police officer “I’ve had to compete with some of the sharpest wits going to get my pile.” However, in the turn of events, Bobs character is identified as actually being a wanted criminal in Chicago by the same of ‘Silky’ Bob.

Character Sketch Of Jimmy Wells :

The second character, the policeman, who also turns out to be Jimmy Wells, is in this sense seen as a protagonist, as the story is centred around Bob and his best friend Jimmy. Throughout the story, it is led to believe that the police officer is nothing more than an antagonist within the story, as he walks off to leave Bob waiting for his friend. The characters identity in the story is shown when it is seen that he is in fact, represented as two different people, as he is the friend Jimmy who also happens to be a policeman. The character of the policeman is represented briefly in his appearance, and although he does not express much personality, we learn of this side of him from Bob as his dear friend Jimmy.

 “But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest, stanchest old chap in the world. He’ll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door to-night, and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up…. He was a kind of plodder, though, good fellow as he was.”

Jimmy’s character is expressed through the dialogue of Bob, and it is the convergence of both characters in the end that also show him to be a round character. This turn of events also outlines Jimmy’s dedication to the police force, which he regards as more important than his loyalty to his friend. Although his old friend had traveled far to meet him twenty years later, he had to do what was right and arrest him for the criminal he was.

Class 10th Political Science Chapter 5

NCERT Solutions for Class 10th: Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements


1. In what ways do pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics?
Answer
Pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics in a variety of ways.
→ They try to gain public support and sympathy for their cause by carrying out information campaigns, organising meetings, filing petitions, etc.
→ By organising strikes and disruptions, they seek to make the government take note of their demands.
→ They also influence decision-making by lobbying.
→ The issues raised by them often influence the policies of political parties.
2. Describe the forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties?
Answer
The relationship between political parties and pressure groups can take different forms.
→ Pressure groups are often formed and led by politicians and political parties. Most trade unions and students' organisations in India are either established by, or affiliated to one or the other major political party.
→ Political parties sometimes grow out of movements. Parties like DMK and AIADMK were formed this way.
→ Many a times, the issues raised by pressure or movement groups are taken up by political parties, leading to a change in the policies of the parties.
3. Explain how the activities of pressure groups are useful in the functioning of a democratic government.
Answer
Pressure groups help in the deepening of democracy. As long as everyone gets the
opportunity, putting pressure on the rulers is not an unhealthy activity in a democracy. Governments can often come under undue pressure from a small group of rich and powerful people. Pressure groups perform a useful role of countering this undue influence of reminding the government of the needs and concerns of ordinary citizens.
4. What is a pressure group? Give a few examples.
Answer
A pressure group is an organisation which attempts to influence government policies through protests and demonstrations. Pressure groups are formed when people with similar opinions get together for similar objectives. Examples of pressure groups are FEDECOR and BAMCEF.
5. What is the difference between a pressure group and a political party ?
Answer
A pressure group is an organised or an unorganised body that tries to promote its interests. They fight and try to achieve a common objective. Political parties contest elections because their aim is to achieve political power. They have more than one interests, they have their own ideology. They represent various interests and have their own way of achieving their aims.
6. Organisations that undertake activities to promote the interests of specific social sections such as workers, employees, teachers, and lawyers are called _____________ groups.
Answer
sectional interest
7. Which among the following is the special feature that distinguishes a pressure group from a political party?
(a) Parties take political stances, while pressure groups do not bother about political issues.
(b) Pressure groups are confined to a few people, while parties involve larger number of people.
(c) Pressure groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.
(d) Pressure groups do not seek to mobilise people, while parties do.
Answer
(c) Pressure groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.
8. Match List I (organisations and struggles) with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List I
1. Organisations that seek to promote the interests of a particular section or group Α. M
2. Organisations that seek to promote common interest Β. Po pa
3. Struggles launched for the resolution of a social problem with or without an organisational structure C. Se int gr
4. Organisations that mobilise people with a view to win political power D. Pu int gr
1 2 3 4
(a) C D B A
(b) C D A B
(c) D C B A
(d) B C D A
Answer
1 2 3 4
(b) C D A B
Page No: 70
9. Match List I with list II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List I Lis
1. Pressure group Α. Narm Bacha Andol
2. Long-term movement Β. Asom Gana Parish
3. Single issue movement C. Wome Move
4. Political party D. Fertili dealer assoc
1 2 3 4
(a) D C A B
(b) B A D C
(c) C D B A
(d) B D C A
Answer
1 2 3 4
(a) D C A B
10. Consider the following statements about pressure groups and parties.
A. Pressure groups are the organised expression of the interests and views of specific social sections.
B. Pressure groups take positions on political issues.
C. All pressure groups are political parties.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) A, B and C
(b) A and B
(c) B and C
(d) A and C
Answer
(b) A and B

CLASS 10TH HISTORY CHAPTER 4

The Age of Industrialisation

Q.1. Explain the following :
(a) Woman workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny.
(b) In the seventeenth century, merchants from towns In Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.
(c) The port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century.
(d) The East India Company appointed Gomasthas to supervise the weavers in India.
Ans. (a) The Spinning Jenny was invented by James Hargreaves in 1764. This machine speeded up the spinning process and reduced the labour demands. By the use of this machine, a single worker could make a number of spindles, and spin several threads at n time. It simply meant that as a result of this machine, many weavers would be left without any job and became unemployed. It was this lea: of unemployment which —ace women workers, who survived on hand spinning. began attacking the new machines.
(b) The earlier phase of industrialisation in which large scale production was carried out for international market not at factories but in decentralised units.
(i) Huge demand: The world trade expanded at a very fast rate during the 17th and the 18th centuries. The acquisition of colonies
was also responsible for the increase in demand. The town producers failed to produce the required quantity.
(ii) Powerful town producers:
The town producers were very powerful,
The producers could not expand the production a: will. This was because in the towns, urban crafts and trade guilds were powerful. These were associations of producers that trained craftspeople, maintained control over production, regulated competition and prices, and restricted the entry of new people within the trade.
(iii) Monopoly rights: The rulers granted different guilds the monopoly right to produce and trade in specific products It was therefore difficult for new merchants to set up business in towns. So they turned to the countryside.
(iv) New economic situation in the countryside: Open fields were disappearing in the countryside and the commons were being enclosed. Cottagers and poor peasants who were earlier depended on common lands became jobless So when merchants came around and offered advances to produce, peasants households eagerly agreed.
(c) (i) Most of the European companies had huge resources, so it was very difficult for the Indian merchants and traders to face the competition.
(ii) The European companies were gaining power by securing a variety of concessions from the local courts.
(iii) Some of the companies got the monopoly rights to Dade.
All this resulted in the decline of the old ports of Surat and Hoogly through which local merchants had operand. Exports from these ports fell dramatically, the credit that had financed the earlier trade began drying up. and the local bankers slowly went bankrupt.
(iv)In the last years of the seventeenth century, the gross value of -race that passed through Sura: had been t 16 million. By the 1740s. it had slumped to 3 million rupees.
(v) With the passage of time. Surat and Hoogly decayed. Bombay (Mumbai), and Calcutta (Kolkata) grew.
(d) (i) Monopoly right : Once the East India Company established political power, it asserted a monopoly right to trade.
(ii) New system: After establishing monopoly over trade :t proceeded to develop a system of management and control that would eliminate competition, control costs, and ensure regular supplies of cotton and silk goods. This it did through a series of steps.
(iii) Appointing Gomasthas: The Company tried to eliminate the existing traders and brokers connected with the doth trade, and establish a more direct control over the weavers. It appointed a paid secant called the Gomostha to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of cloth.
(iv) System of advances: To have a direct control over the weavers, the company- started the system of advances. Once an order was placed, the weavers were given loans to purchase the raw material for their production. Those, who took loans had to hand over the doth they produced to the Gomastha. They could not take it to any other trader.
(v) Use of power: The places where the weaver refused to cooperate the Company used its police. At many places weaver were often beaten and flogged for delays in supply.
Q.2. Write True or False against each statement:
(a) At the end of the 19th century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.
(b) The international market for textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.
(c) The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India.
(d) The introduction of the fly shuttle enabled the handloom workers to improve their productivity.
Ans. (a) False (b) True (c) False (d) True
Q.3. Explain what is meant by proto industrialisation.
Ans. The parly phase ol industrialisation in which large-scale production was carried out for international market not at factories but in decentralised units.
Q.4. Why did some industrialists in the nineteenth century Europe prefer hand labour over machines ?
Ans. (i) Expensive new technology: New technologies and machines were expensive, so the pioducers and the industrialists were cautious about using them.
(ii) Costlier repair : The machines often
broke down and the repair was costly.
(iii) Less effective : They were not as effective as their inventors and manufacturers claimed.
(iv) Availability of cheap workers : Poor peasants and migrants moved to cities in large numbers in search of jobs. So the supply of workers was more than the demand. Therefore, workers were available at low wages.
(v) Uniform machine-made goods: A range of products could be produced only with hand labour. Machines were oriented to producing uniforms, standardised goods for a mass market. But the demand in the market was often for goods with intricate designs and specific shapes.
In the mid-nineteenth century. Britain, for instance. 500 varieties of hammers were produced, and 15 kinds of axes. These required human skill, not mechanical technology.
Q.5. How did the East India Company procure regular supplies of cotton and silk textiles from the Indian weavers ?
Ans. (i) Monopoly right : Once the East India Company established political power, it asserted a monopoly right to trade
(ii) New system : After establishing monopoly over trade :t proceeded to develop a system of management and control that would eliminate competition, control costs, and ensure regular supplies of cotton and silk goods. This it did through a series of steps.
(iii) Appointing Gomasthas : The Company tried to eliminate the existing traders and brokers connected with the doth trade, and establish a more direct control over the weavers. It appointed a paid secant called the Gomostha to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of cloth.
(iv) System of advances : To have a direct control over the weavers, the company- started the system of advances. Once an order was placed, the weavers were given loans to purchase the raw material for their production. Those, who took loans had to hand over the doth they produced to the Gomastha. They could not take it to any other trader.
(v) Use of power : The places where the weaver refused to cooperate the Company used its police. At many places weaver were often beaten and flogged for delays in supply.
Q.6. Imagine that you have been asked to write an article for an encylopedia on Britain and the history of cotton. Write your piece using information from the entire chapter.
Ans. Self- explanatory.
Q.7. Why did the industrial production in India increase during the First World War ? 
Ans. (i) Decline of Manchester : With British mills busy with war production to meet the needs of the army. Manchester imports into India declined.
(ii) Increase in demand : With the decline of imports suddenly. Indian mills had a vast home market to supply.
(iii) Demand from army : As the War prolonged. Indian factories were called upon to supply war need;i.e.. jute bags, doth for the army uniforms, tents and leather boots, horse and mule saddles, and a host of other items.
(iv) New factories : New factories were set up. and old ones ran multiple shifts. Many new workers were employed, and everyone was made to work for longer hours. Over the war years, industrial production boomed.
(v) Downfall of British industry and boon for home industry : After the war Manchester could never recapture its old position in the Indian market. Unable to modernise and compete with the US. Germany and Japan, the economy of Britain crumbled after the war. Cotton production collapsed and exports of cotton cloth from Britain fell dramatically. Within the colonies, local industrialists gradually consolidated their position, substituting foreign manufactures and capturing the home market.

NOTIFICATION FOR INFORMATION

It I hereby notified for the information to all stakeholders that the last date of registration fixed by the coordinator of the academy is 25th of March ( Sunday ) , 2018 at 4 'o clock positively . Those stakeholders belonging from 10th , 12th or UG students who may try to register their names shall be cancelled without any claim after the due date . The last date may not be extended in any circumstances.

Sd/-
Cordinator
SSCC Batakote Pahalgam

"Acquire knowledge if you shall be able to go China."
SAFEE SIR'S COACHING CENTER
Opposite ' The Spirit School of Education ' K.P.Road Batakote ( Pahalgam ).
A reputed and renowned coaching institute serving the locality since 2013 with best results in the JKBOSE Examinations.
Offers Coaching For : 10th class in
◆ English
◆ Mathematics
◆ Science
Also 12th , B.A/B.SC/B.COM ___ Ist , 2nd and 3rd Year in
●● GENERAL ENGLISH ●●
MAIN FOCUS WILL BE ENGLISH GRAMMAR
COMMENCEMENT OF CLASSWORK FROM 20TH OF MARCH ,2018 IN THE EVENING AND MORNING SESSION.
Timing for Morning Session :
8:00 a.m to 10:00 a.m for 12th and UG students.
Timing for Evening Session :
4:00 p.m to 6:00 p.m for 10th class students.
NOTE :
1). Students should register their names by or before 19th of March , 2018 at the office of the Principal ' The Spirit School of Education Batakote Pahalgam' on all working days except Sundays . Nobody will be allowed to register his /her name after the due date .
2). Cellphones or other gadgets are not allowed inside the coaching center. Whosoever will be found guilty , his/her registration will be cancelled without any further claim.
3). 50% tuition fee will be payable in advance and the remaining 50% tuition fee will be payable after one month.
For any query visit the academy's blogspot viz
safeesirzb.blogspot.in
Or
Feel free to buzz :
7780812836
Sd/-
COORDINATOR
SSCC Batakote Pahalgam

NOTIFICATION

Attention !!!

In continuation to this office , the coordinator of the said academy has postponed the classwork for all classes viz 10th , 12th and Undergraduate candidates due to the arrival of JKSSB GENERAL LINE TEACHER EXAM scheduled to be held on 19th of March , 2018 ( Monday ).


Now the classwork shall start from 20th of March , 2018 on Tuesday on the time already notified by the worthy Coordinator of the academy.

Please note and act accordingly.

Coordinator
SSCC Batakote , Pahalgam

NOTIFICATION

It is hereby notified to inform all the desirous candidates of the locality that Spring / Summer coaching shall start from 18th of March , 2018 positively in
1) English  2) Mathematics 3) Science. 

For class 10th ( Regular / Private ) in the two meetings viz 

Morning Session 

8:00 a.m onwards 

Evening Session

4:00 p.m onwards

The coaching will be available for 11th and 12th classes in GENERAL ENGLISH ONLY


MAIN FOCUS WILL BE ON GRAMMAR

Also B.A , B.SC., B.COM __IST , 2ND AND 3RD YEAR IN GENERAL ENGLISH ONLY

COORDINATOR
SSCC BATAKOTE PAHALGAM